How to Tell if Ceramic or Terra Cotta Pot?

Ceramic pots and terra cotta pots are often used for houseplants. And while these two types of pots are similar, they are often mistaken for one another. So, how can you tell if your pot is ceramic or terra cotta? And how do you know which is better for you? In this post, I’ll explain the key differences and help you make an informed decision between the two.

Small cacti in white ceramic pots

1. How Are the Pots Made?

Ceramic Pots:

  • Ceramic pots are made out of clay and fired at a high temperature. This creates a harder and more durable material with a smooth, glazed finish (The American Ceramic Society).
  • Ceramic pots can be made from various types of clay. The glaze applied to the surface can serve a specific function, such as making the pot waterproof. The glaze can also be decorative, adding vibrant color and patterns. So when it comes to ceramics, there is more complexity and ways to use it.
  • Ceramic pots are more versatile. They can be used for gardening, as well as plates, bowls, and multi-purpose cups.

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Fun fact: terra cotta means “baked earth” in Italian! It is a specific type of clay fired at a lower temperature, which gives the pot a rougher finish (Soul Ceramic).
  • It’s normal for terra cotta pots to either have no glaze or a thin coating. The clay itself is reddish-brown, giving the pot its signature earthy color.
  • Terra cotta pots are almost exclusively used for plants and outdoor gardening. And because they are made in a more traditional way, most terra cotta pots look similar.

2. Weight & Thickness

Ceramic Pots:

  • Ceramic pots tend to be heavier and thicker because they are fired at a higher temperature. They also have more glazing, which adds additional weight to the pot.
  • When it comes to gardening, ceramic pots provide better insulation for roots. The thickness of the walls helps protect the roots from rapid temperature changes (Braid & Wood).

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Terra cotta pots are generally lighter and thinner than ceramic pots. This is because they are fired at lower temperatures and have no glaze.
  • While terra cotta offers better air circulation, it also makes the pots more fragile. Terra cotta pots are especially vulnerable when dropped or exposed to freezing temperatures (Cacti Guide).

3. Water Retention & Drainage

Ceramic Pots:

  • Because ceramic pots have a glaze, they may not absorb moisture like terra cotta. A glazed ceramic pot is better at holding water for plants that prefer moist conditions (Plant Hill Nursery).
  • Some ceramic pots have drainage holes. If you’re concerned about water retention, check the pot’s bottom.

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Terra cotta pots are more porous. They allow water absorption and air circulation around the roots. This is an excellent option for plants that prefer well-draining soil.
  • This porosity can also lead to faster water evaporation, so you’ll need to water more in dry climates.

4. Appearance & Style

Ceramic Pots:

  • Thanks to the glaze, ceramic pots are available in a wide variety of styles, colors, and finishes. From high-gloss to matte, rustic to modern, ceramic pots are in almost any design you can imagine.
  • The glaze also gives ceramic pots a smooth and polished finish. It is great for adding elegance and refinement to garden or home decor.

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Terra cotta pots are not usually glazed. They have a more rustic, earthy appearance. The natural, warm, reddish-brown color is famous for traditional or Mediterranean-style gardens.
  • When salts from the soil leach out, terra cotta may develop a white, chalky residue. While some people like this weathered look, others may find it unattractive (Italian Terrace).

5. Durability & Longevity

Ceramic Pots:

  • Ceramic pots are generally more durable due to their thicker, denser structure. But, they can still break if dropped or subjected to extreme temperature changes. Some glazes for ceramics can add strength to the pot, such as protection against moisture absorption.
  • A high-quality ceramic pot can last for many years. But you will still need to handle it carefully and avoid putting it in freezing conditions (American Physical Society).

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Terra cotta pots are more prone to cracking, especially in freezing temperatures. This is because the water inside them can expand as they freeze, causing them to split (HGTV).
  • While they may not last as long as ceramic pots in harsher climates, they can still be durable with proper care. Many gardeners appreciate the “worn-in” look of terra cotta over time.
Small cacti in terra cotta pots
Photo by OC Gonzalez on Unsplash

6. Cost

Ceramic Pots:

  • Ceramic pots can be more expensive than terra cotta pots. The manufacturing process is more complex, and the finish is usually decorative.
  • The price range varies depending on size, design, and brand. For example, a small ceramic pot from an off-brand company can cost from $10 to $20. But if they are large and more aesthetic, they can cost more than a hundred dollars.

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Terra cotta pots are more affordable, especially for basic, unglazed designs. They are often considered a cost-effective choice for gardeners on a budget.
  • The standard terra cotta pot is inexpensive. Small ones can be as affordable as $5, and larger ones can range from $30 to $60. But, more elaborate or artistic versions can cost more.

Key Differences

Ceramic pots and terra cotta pots have several unique distinctions:

Ceramic Pots:

  • Ceramic pots often have a smooth glaze and shiny finish.
  • Heavier pots with thicker walls.
  • They are often more decorative and versatile.

Terra cotta Pots:

  • Terra cotta pots have a rough and rustic feel. They are usually not glazed.
  • Generally lighter than ceramic pots.
  • It is commonly used for gardening.
  • Features a signature reddish-brown color and may release a white residue on the outside of the pot.
black and white ceramic pots

Which Pot is Better?

Which pot is the better choice depends on your specific needs and aesthetic preferences. There are different advantages and purposes for both. Go for ceramic if you want a heavy and durable pot. It will also have a more smooth, decorative finish. And for gardening, ceramic pots are more about water retention or insulation for sensitive plants. If you need a lightweight and porous pot, go for terra cotta. Terra cotta pots are excellent for drainage and air circulation. They also have a rustic and more natural look that can fit into any backyard.

Kim Minder Ceramics

I specialize in making unique and customizable ceramic pots. If you have any interest in shopping, I welcome you to look around! I will be happy to make a special piece of ceramic pottery for you.

succulent plant in colorful ceramic pot